Date: 26 November 2013
Secondary metabolites, structure diagram: Trivial name – secalonic acid D
Copyright: n/a
Notes:
Species: A. aculeatus, A. ochraceus, A. uvarumSystematic name: [7,7′-Bi-4aH-xanthene]-4a,4’a-dicarboxylic acid, 2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,9,9′-octahydro-1,1′,4,4′,8,8′-hexahydroxy-3,3′-dimethyl-9,9′-dioxo-, dimethyl ester, (3S,3’S,4R,4’R,4aR,4’aR)-Molecular formulae: C32 H30 O14Molecular weight: 638.581Chemical abstracts number: 35287-69-5Selected references: Andersen, Raymond; Buechi, George; Kobbe, Brunhilde; Demain, Arnold L. (Dep. Chem., Massachusetts Inst. Technol., Cambridge, Mass., USA). J. Org. Chem., 42(2), 352-3 (English) 1977.Kurobane I, Vining LC, McInnes AG. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1979 Dec;32(12):1256-66. Biosynthetic relationships among the secalonic acids. Isolation of emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids from Pyrenochaeta terrestris and Aspergillus aculeatus.Toxicity: mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 26500ug/kg (26.5mg/kg) EFFECTS: VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CHANGES IN PULMONARY VASCULAR RESISTANCE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Vol. 39, Pg. 285, 1980. mouse LD50 intravenous 25mg/kg (25mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 5, Pg. 1159, 1979.mouse LDLo oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) EFFECTS: SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 48, Pg. A14, 1979. rat LD50 oral 22mg/kg (22mg/kg) EFFECTS: SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 48, Pg.
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A Colonies on MEA after one week, B conidial head x920, C atypical reduced conidial head x920, D conidial head x 920.
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A case of onychomycosis associated with Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis as described in Med Mycol. 2009 Mar 9:1-5, 2009,Brasch J, Varga J, Jensen JM, Egberts F & Tintelnot K
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Histology of the infected nail (PAS stain) showing thick fungal elements and septate hyphae within nail material.
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culture and identified in a case of onychomycosis – Culture at higher magnification.
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culture and identified in a case of onychomycosis – Culture of Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis on Sabouraud agar with cycloheximide at 26C
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This patient with chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis was treated with itraconazole, with some success, but considerable gastrointestinal disturbance (diarrhoea, flatulence and uncomfortable feeling in his abdomen). He also developed a facial rash. Itraconazole was stopped and he reverted to voriconazole which he was unable to take because of a severe feeling of being generally unwell. His facial rash resolved. Application was made for funding posaconazole. He started this and after 6 weeks an almost identical facial rash to that seen with itraconazole appeared. He tolerated posaconazole well in other respects, and his chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis is now significantly better (symptomatically and serologically). July 2007
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This patient with ABPA and chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis has been stabilized on voriconazole treatment for >5 years. She had a degree of photosensitivity most of that time, noticed early in the course of voriconazole treatment. She is oxygen and wheelchair dependent and doesn’t go outside very much, so most of her light exposure has been indoor light. She developed rough scaly patches over her face, neck and lower arms. Dermatological review indicated multiple solar keratoses”. Skin biopsy from the right forearm confirmed this clinical diagnosis – “skin showing hyperkeratosis with a little parakeratosis and acanthosis. The keratinocytes have a glassy appearance but show nuclear atypia with dyskeratotic cells, and occasional suprabasal mitoses. The intraepidermal sweat ducts are spared. Appearances suggest an actinic keratosis with moderate to severe dysplasia.” These features are characteristic of a low grade premalignant change.
She was treated with local 5-fluorouracil cream (Efudix) (3 cycles) to the affected lesions. These photos were taken at the apogee of inflammation. The inflammation resolved after discontinuing the cream. This reaction is expected with application of this mild chemotherapy agent. Alternative or supplementary treatments include cryotherapy, curettage and cautery, if necessary. Following treatment her skin was much softer and considerably improved. Voriconazole has been stopped, and posaconazole substituted.
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