Date: 26 November 2013
Secondary metabolites, structure diagram: Trivial name – secalonic acid D
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Notes:
Species: A. aculeatus, A. ochraceus, A. uvarumSystematic name: [7,7′-Bi-4aH-xanthene]-4a,4’a-dicarboxylic acid, 2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,9,9′-octahydro-1,1′,4,4′,8,8′-hexahydroxy-3,3′-dimethyl-9,9′-dioxo-, dimethyl ester, (3S,3’S,4R,4’R,4aR,4’aR)-Molecular formulae: C32 H30 O14Molecular weight: 638.581Chemical abstracts number: 35287-69-5Selected references: Andersen, Raymond; Buechi, George; Kobbe, Brunhilde; Demain, Arnold L. (Dep. Chem., Massachusetts Inst. Technol., Cambridge, Mass., USA). J. Org. Chem., 42(2), 352-3 (English) 1977.Kurobane I, Vining LC, McInnes AG. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1979 Dec;32(12):1256-66. Biosynthetic relationships among the secalonic acids. Isolation of emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids from Pyrenochaeta terrestris and Aspergillus aculeatus.Toxicity: mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 26500ug/kg (26.5mg/kg) EFFECTS: VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CHANGES IN PULMONARY VASCULAR RESISTANCE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Vol. 39, Pg. 285, 1980. mouse LD50 intravenous 25mg/kg (25mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 5, Pg. 1159, 1979.mouse LDLo oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) EFFECTS: SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 48, Pg. A14, 1979. rat LD50 oral 22mg/kg (22mg/kg) EFFECTS: SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 48, Pg.
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Image G. Patient was a 9 year old girl 5 months post matched unrelated donor (MUD) bone marrow transplantation with T-cell depletion, with reduced respiratory function (dyspnoea), cough and crackles at the bases, without fever. Donor and recipient were CMV antibody negative. 5/10/98.
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Fluorescence microscopy was performed on the same sample as blankophor® staining according to Ruchel R. & Margraf S. 1993, Mycoses 36, 239-242. The artefactual staining of fibres and cellular elements is due to previous drying of the smear and recedes with time.
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A needle biopsy of a solitary round infiltrate found near the thoracic wall in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was gram-stained and then treated with an alkaline solution of the whitening agent Blankophor®.
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Medium power view (H&E) of cerebral abscess in which there are hyphae consistent with Aspergillus. Aspergillus fumigatus was grown from adjacent tissue.
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Medium power view (GMS) of kidney invaded by Aspergillus. The walls of the hyphae stain black. There are plentiful fungal hyphae within two glomeuli and there is also fungal invasion of adjacent cortical interstitial tissue.
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High power view (H&E) of uniform septate hyphae which show typical diclotomous branding characteristic of Aspergillus taken from mitral valve vegetation in a patient with disseminated aspergillosis. The hyphae are present within a background of fibrinous material.
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Medium power view (H&E) of lung tissue in patient with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in which many of the fungal hyphae are seen in cross section.
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Medium power view of lung (H&E) in which there is invasion of lung parenchyma by hyphae characteristic of Aspergillus resulting in lung tissue infarction.