Secondary metabolites, structure diagram: Trivial name – secalonic acid D

Date: 26 November 2013

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Secondary metabolites, structure diagram: Trivial name – secalonic acid D

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Species: A. aculeatus, A. ochraceus, A. uvarumSystematic name: [7,7′-Bi-4aH-xanthene]-4a,4’a-dicarboxylic acid, 2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,9,9′-octahydro-1,1′,4,4′,8,8′-hexahydroxy-3,3′-dimethyl-9,9′-dioxo-, dimethyl ester, (3S,3’S,4R,4’R,4aR,4’aR)-Molecular formulae: C32 H30 O14Molecular weight: 638.581Chemical abstracts number: 35287-69-5Selected references: Andersen, Raymond; Buechi, George; Kobbe, Brunhilde; Demain, Arnold L. (Dep. Chem., Massachusetts Inst. Technol., Cambridge, Mass., USA). J. Org. Chem., 42(2), 352-3 (English) 1977.Kurobane I, Vining LC, McInnes AG. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1979 Dec;32(12):1256-66. Biosynthetic relationships among the secalonic acids. Isolation of emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids from Pyrenochaeta terrestris and Aspergillus aculeatus.Toxicity: mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 26500ug/kg (26.5mg/kg) EFFECTS: VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CHANGES IN PULMONARY VASCULAR RESISTANCE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Vol. 39, Pg. 285, 1980. mouse LD50 intravenous 25mg/kg (25mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 5, Pg. 1159, 1979.mouse LDLo oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) EFFECTS: SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 48, Pg. A14, 1979. rat LD50 oral 22mg/kg (22mg/kg) EFFECTS: SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 48, Pg.

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  • Patient CD: Voriconazole rash in ABPA patient.

    Facial erythema: Voriconazole rash in ABPA patient resistant to corticosteroids, treated with voriconazole 200mg BID. Serum voriconazole levels were very low and the dose was raised to 250mg BID. Within 3 weeks patient had developed remarkable facial erythema. His trough voriconazole concentration at this time was 370ng/ml. When voriconazole was stopped because of the facial erythema and lack of impact on his ABPA his facial erythema resolved over 4 weeks.

    Forearm erythema related to voriconazole. As with facial erythema patient developed remarkable forearm erythema with lesions similar to porphyria cutanea tarda all of which resolved with stopping voriconazole.

    Facial erythema related to voriconazole, Forearm erythema related to voriconazole 1, Forearm erythema related to voriconazole 2

  • Patient with allergic fungal sinusitis – staining of eosinophilic mucin

    Eosinophilic mucin containing numerous eosinophils and Charcot-Leyden crystals (arrow). Stain PAS x400. Patient with allergic fungal sinusitis

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  • Fungal ball removed from sinus (Pt SK)

    A whole fungal ball removed from the sinus by endoscopic surgery. No staining x 10

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  • Fungal ball removed from sinus (Pt SK)

    Crushed fungal material removed from sinus by endoscope. No staining x40

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  • Chronic invasive sinus aspergillosis Pt DA 68yr male.

    This 68 year man with a history of hypertension and ischemic heart disease presented with nasal obstruction, localised swelling and pain in his right cheek for about two months. CT scan showed a soft tissue mass filling the right maxillary sinus adjacent to the floor of the orbit. Maxillotomy with mass removal was performed and culture grew A. fumigatus. Histology was not performed and the patient received no antifungal therapy. 5 months later localised relapse with progression along the medial wall of the orbit was seen on CT scan.

    Image A. MRI (T2-weighted, transversal view).Note oedema of the right temporal lobe., Image B MRI (T1-weighted, transversal view). The blue pointer shows progression of inflammatory tissue into the brain. The green pointer shows involvement of the lateral group of external ocular muscles., Image C CT scan image (bone window, coronal view) demonstrating destruction of the inferior wall of the right orbit., Image D. MRI (T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced, transversal view). The pointers show abnormal enhancement in the right orbit (green), in the right temporal lobe (blue) and of the dura (yellow). , Image E MRI (T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced, coronal view). The pointers show pathological tissue in the right cavernous sinus (blue) and pathological enhancement of the right optical nerve (green)., Image F MRI (T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced, sagittal view). The pointers show pathological tissue in the right orbit (blue) with protrusion into the right optical canal (green).

  • Yamik catheter for rinsing nasal and paranasal cavities

    Yamik catheter for rinsing nasal and paranasal cavities. Image D

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  • Yamik catheter for rinsing nasal and paranasal cavities

    Yamik catheter for rinsing nasal and paranasal cavities. Image C

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