Date: 26 November 2013
Secondary metabolites, 3D structure: Trivial name – viomellein
Copyright: n/a
Notes:
Species: A. melleus, A. ochraceusSystematic name: (8,8′-BI-1H-NAPHTHO(2,3-c)PYRAN)-1,1′,6,9-TETRONE, 3,3′,4,4′-TETRAHYDRO-7,7′-DIM (8,8′-Bi-1H-naphtho(2,3-c)pyran)-1,1′,6,9-tetrone, 3,3′,4,4′-tetrahydro-7,7′-dimethoxy-3,3′-dimethyl-9′,10,10′-trihydroxy-, (R-(R*,R*))-Molecular formulae: C30H24O11Molecular weight: 560.505Chemical abstracts number: 55625-78-0Selected references: Stack ME, Mislivec PB. Production of xanthomegnin and viomellein by isolates of Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium cyclopium, and Penicillium viridicatum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Oct;36(4):552-4. Filtenborg O, Frisvad JC, Svendsen JA. Simple screening method for molds producing intracellular mycotoxins in pure cultures. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Feb;45(2):581-5. Robbers JE, Hong S, Tuite J, Carlton WW. Production of xanthomegnin and viomellein by species of Aspergillus correlated with mycotoxicosis produced in mice. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Dec;36(6):819-23.Toxicity: Causes hepatic and renal damage in animals and associated with porcine nephropathy together with ochratoxins
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Bronchoscopic manifestations of Aspergillus tracheobronchitis. (a) Type I. Inflammatory infiltration, mucosa hyperaemia and plaques of pseudomembrane formation in the lumen without obvious airway occlusion. (b) Type II. Deep ulceration of the bronchial wall. (c) Type III. Significant airway occlusion by thick mucous plugs full of Aspergillus without definite deeper tissue invasion. (d) Type IV. Extensive tissue necrosis and pseudomembrane formation in the lumen with airway structures and severe airway occlusion (Wu 2010).
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High resolution CT showing centrilobular nodular opacities and branching linear opacities (tree-in-bud appearance) (Al-Alawi 2007).
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Chest X-ray showing poorly defined bilateral nodular opacities (Al-Alawi 2007).
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Gross pathologic specimen from autopsy shows the bronchial lumen covered by multiple whitish endobronchial nodules (arrows) (Franquet 2002).
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Invasive tracheobronchitis showing numerous nodules seen during bronchoscopy (Ronan D’Driscoll).
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Pseudomembranous seen overlying the bronchial mucosa (Tasci 2006).
