Secondary metabolites, 3D structure: Trivial name – ochratoxin A

Date: 26 November 2013

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Secondary metabolites, 3D structure: Trivial name – ochratoxin A

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Species: A. affinis, A. albertensis, A. alliaceus, A. auricomus, A. carbonarius, A. citricus, A. fonsecaeus, A. lanosus, A. melleus, A. niger, A. ochraceopetaliformis, A. ochraceus, A. ostianus, A. petrakii, A. sclerotiorum, A. sulphureusSystematic name: 2-(5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-isochroman-7-yl)carbonylamino-3-phenyl-propanoic acidMolecular formulae: C20H18ClNO6Molecular weight: 403.813Chemical abstracts number: 303-47-9Selected references: van der Merwe KJ, Steyn PS, Fourie L, Scott DB, Theron JJ. Ochratoxin A, a toxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus ochraceus Wilh. Nature. 1965 Mar 13;205(976):1112-3.Toxicity: Potent nephrotoxin implicated in porcine nephropathy. Acute oral LD50 in the male rat 30.3 mg/kg body-weight and in the female rat 21.4 mg/kg body-weight. Recent assessments of toxicity suggest that this compound may be carcinogenic and genotoxic.chicken LD50 oral 3300ug/kg (3.3mg/kg) EFFECTS: CARDIAC: PERICARDITIS LIVER: OTHER CHANGES KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES Applied Microbiology. Vol. 21, Pg. 492, 1971. chicken LDLo subcutaneous 11mg/kg (11mg/kg) EFFECTS: LIVER: HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL Applied Microbiology. Vol. 21, Pg. 492, 1971. domestic animals – goat/sheep LD50 intravenous 1mg/kg (1mg/kg) EFFECTS: LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA LIVER: OTHER CHANGES CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 499, 1974. duck LD50 oral 500ug/kg (0.5mg/kg) EFFECTS: LIVER: FATTY LIVER DEGERATION Nature. Vol. 205, Pg. 1112, 1965. mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 22mg/kg (22mg/kg) Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 2, Pg. 109, 1946. mouse LD50 intravenous 25710ug/kg (25.71mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH Annales Recherches Veterinaires. Vol. 5, Pg. 233, 1974. mouse LD50 oral 46mg/kg (46mg/kg) Toxicology Letters. Vol. 25, Pg. 1, 1985. quail LD50 oral 16500ug/kg (16.5mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA Poultry Science. Vol. 55, Pg. 786, 1976. rat LD50 intraperitoneal 12600ug/kg (12.6mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER Annales Recherches Veterinaires. Vol. 5, Pg. 233, 1974. rat LD50 intravenous 12750ug/kg (12.75mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH Annales Recherches Veterinaires. Vol. 5, Pg. 233, 1974. rat LD50 oral 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) EFFECTS: LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CHRONIC PULMONARY EDEMA Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 6, Pg. 479, 1968. rat LD50 unreported 22mg/kg (22mg/kg) Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. Vol. 29, Pg. 813, 1991.turkey LD50 oral 5900ug/kg (5.9mg/kg) EFFECTS: BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA Poultry Science. Vol. 55, Pg. 786, 1976.

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