Date: 26 November 2013
Secondary metabolites, 3D structure: Trivial name – citreoviridin
Copyright: n/a
Notes:
Species: A. terreusSystematic name: D-Iditol, 2,5-anhydro-1,6-dideoxy-2-C-[(1E,3E,5E,7E)-8-(4-methoxy-5-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-6-yl)-2-methyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraenyl]-4-C-methyl- (9CI)Molecular formulae: C23H30O6Molecular weight: 402.481Chemical abstracts number: 25425-12-1Selected references: Franck B, Gehrken HP. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 1980;19(6):461-2 Citreoviridins from Aspergillus terreus.Toxicity: Citreoviridin is produced by P. citreonigrum (synonyms P. citreoviride and P. toxicarium), particularly in rice after harvest. It can cause cardiac beriberi in man. Acute cardiac beriberi in Japan is now only of historical interest although P. citreonigrum and citreoviridin are still reported in other parts of Asia. The fungus is said to be favoured by the lower temperatures and shorter hours of daylight occurring in the more temperate rice growing areas. The toxin is also produced by P. ochrosalmoneum. Citreoviridin has been found in un-harvested corn in the USA. Citreoviridin is an unusual molecule consisting of a lactone ring conjugated to a furan ring, with a molecular weight of 402. It is a neurotoxin. Nishie K, Cole RJ, Dorner JW. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1988 Jan;59(1):31-52.Toxicity of citreoviridin.
Images library
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Scanning electron micrograph of Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis conidial heads
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Image D & E. A case of onychomycosis associated with Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis as described in Nail infection by Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis. Med Mycol. 2009 Mar 9:1-5, 2009, Brasch J, Varga J, Jensen JM, Egberts F & Tintelnot K
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Image 5. Oral itraconazole pulse therapy was given to the patient (200 mg twice daily for 1 week, with 3 weeks off between successive pulses, for four pulses) and treatment was successful.
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This patient was 28 yr old with adult lymphocytic leukaemia. She received induction chemotherapy and this infection developed 2 days after recovering from neutropenia.
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Close-up image of the lesion on the left thigh showing a mat of hyphae over the wound.
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Eosinophilic mucin with A. flavus in the nasal cavity. Irregular crust of 2.5 cm from a patient diagnosed as allergic fungal sinusitis. Patient with allergic fungal sinusitis
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GMS stain of eosinophilic mucin reveals a darkly stained dichotomously branched A. flavus hyphae within cellular background. Patient with allergic fungal sinusitis
