New and emerging fungal pathogens in companion animals in Russia

Ref ID: 19394

Author:

R. S. Ovchinnikov, M. G. Manoyan, A. G. Gaynullina and
A. N. Panin

Author address:

The All-Russian State Center for Veterinary Drugs and Feeds
(VGNKI), Moscow, Russian Federation

Full conference title:

6th Trends in Medical Mycology 2013

Date: 11 October 2014

Abstract:

A number of new and emerging fungal pathogens were reported in
human medical mycology in recent years. Fungi previously recog-
nized to cause disease rarely or under specific conditions are now
reported with increasing frequency. Appearance of new fungal patho-
gens in extrinsic geographic areas was also observed. Data concern-
ing this subject with respect to animal mycoses is very limited but
still significant due to zoonotic potential of some fungal pathogens.
Objectives To estimate the appearance of new and emergent fungal
pathogens in companion animals over two time periods in Moscow
Region, Russia.
Methods Retrospective case-study analysis was performed using lab-
oratory records of animals suspected for mycoses and presented for
mycological examination over two seven-year periods 1997-2004
and 2005-2012. The animal species were dogs, cats, rodents and
reptiles. The mycological examinations were performed by conven-
tional mycological methods including history, direct microscopy and
fungal culture on common and selective media. The clinical signifi-
cance of opportunistic pathogens was estimated in accordance with
Walshe & English criteria.
Results Totally 1394 clinical veterinary samples were mycologically
examined. The incidence of mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi
increased from 19,3% in 1997-2004 up to 78,5% in 2005-2012. Malassezia
-associated infections emerged from 7,4% to 52,1% with preva-
lence of M. pachydermatis. Mycoses caused by non-dermatophytic
filamentous fungi increased from 11,8% to 25,3% with prevalence of
Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Scopulariopsis, Chaetomium
species. Moreover several fungal pathogens previously unreported in
Russia were detected in 2005-2012. Keratinophylic fungus Chrysosporium
anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (CANV) was isolated for the first
time from Iguana igauana in 2007. In 2012 CANV became the preva-
lent fungal pathogen in reptiles (39,4%). Actinomycete Nocardia asteroides
was diagnosed for the first time in a cat in 2008. Unusual case of
allergic pneumonitis in a dog caused by inhalation of basidiospores of
Langermannia gigantea was diagnosed in 2009.
Conclusion The dramatic emerging of opportunistic mycoses in ani-
mals was revealed in recent years (2005-2012) in comparison with
1997-2004 yy. Malassezia yeasts and non-dermatophytic filamen-
tous fungi had risen in incidence. A number of new fungal patho-
gens extrinsic for Russia were detected. Among them Chrysosporium
anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (CANV) recognized as a true pathogen of cold-blooded animals had extended extensively in very
short time. The zoonotic potential of Chrysosporium species reported
by some authors should be taken into account.

Abstract Number: p100

Conference Year: 2013

Link to conference website: NULL

New link: NULL

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