Burden of serious fungal infections in China

Ref ID: 19214

Author:

L.P. Zhu*, J.Q. Wu, D.S. Perlin, D.W. Denning

Author address:

in association with the LIFE program at www.LIFE-worldwide.org

Full conference title:

23rd European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and
Infectious Diseases

Date: 27 April 2014

Abstract:

Introduction: We have attempted to estimate the burden of serious fungal infection in China.
Methods: All published epidemiology papers reporting fungal infection rates from China were identified. If few data existed, we used specific populations at risk and fungal infection frequencies in those populations to estimate national incidence or prevalence. Population (2009), HIV (2011) and TB (2011) data were from WHO. Asthma, ABPA and CPA rates were from Denning, Bull WHO 2011, Med Mycol 2013 (in press) and Ma, 2011. COPD admissions were from Tan, Respirology, 2009. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) estimate in HIV was assumed to be 1% of late stage HIV patients, and the rate of CM in other cases on the ratios reported by Chen, Mycopathologia, 2012. Pneumocystis (PCP) rates were based in Hong Kong rates in HIV and in non-HIV on Wang, J Med Microbiol, 2011. Penicillium marneffei infection rate was based in HK data, adjusted for regional differences in HIV prevalence. Tinea capitis rate was on a report from Shanghai (Zhu, Mycopathologia, 2010). Keratitis rate was based on Xu in Qingdao (Chin Med J, 2012).
Results: Of the 1,363M population, 20% are children (0-14 years) and 12% are >60 years old. 20M chinese (age 15-50) women are estimated to get recurrent vaginal thrush (4+ times annually). Of the 740,000 estimated HIV positive patients in 2011, 92,227 are not on ARVs (CD4 <350). Of these an estimated 83,000 develop oral thrush, 50,000 oesophageal candidiasis, 461 CM, 16,140 PCP and 1,383 P. marneffei infection. We estimate a 5-year period prevalence of 256,534 CPA cases (assuming 15% annual mortality); 80% from 893,121 cases of pulmonary TB, 20% other conditions. Asthma prevalence in adults is estimated at nearly 20M and assuming 2.5% of asthmatics have ABPA, 491,721 patients with ABPA are likely and 648,300 have SAFS. The rate of candidemia was estimated at 5/100,000 population (68,150 cases) and Candida peritonitis at 19,982 cases. Invasive aspergillosis (IA) in >100,000 haematological patients is estimated at 8,178 cases and in the COPD 154,000 cases (11.9M admissions). IA numbers in renal and liver transplantation and numerous other fungal diseases were not estimated.
Conclusion: Without any national surveys of fungal disease in China, uncertainty surrounds all these estimates. But the burden of fungal disease is almost certainly one of the greatest in the world. Epidemiological studies are urgently required to validate or modify these estimates.

Abstract Number: P1041

Conference Year: 2013

Link to conference website: http://registration.akm.ch/einsicht.php?XNABSTRACT_ID=167132&XNSPRACHE_ID=2&XNKONGRESS_ID=180&XNMASK

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