Antiradical and antifungal activities of the essential oils of Monodora myristica , Xylopia aet hiopica and Xylopia parviflora (Annonaceae)

Ref ID: 19478

Author:

IF Kenfack Tsague1*, JB Hzounda Fokou1, E Zeuko’o Menkem1, PM Jazet Dongmo2,
F Fekam Boyom1, PH Amvam Zollo1

Author address:

1Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
2Biochemistry, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Full conference title:

6th Advances Against Aspergillosis 2014

Abstract:

Purpose:
Excessive production of free radicals causes direct damage to biological molecules, so causing a
decrease of the immune system, an increase of the permeability of cell membranes, which results
in the vulnerability of the body to attack by opportunistic pathogens including fungi of the genus
Aspergillus. Aspergilli are important as human and animal pathogens, spoilage agents of food,
producers of toxic metabolites are the second generally isolated from opportunistic mycoses
after Candida. They are the cause of invasive infections associated with increased morbidity and
mortality especially in immunocompromised patients despite antifungal chemotherapy which face
the development of fungal resistance. In order to find more efficient component from plant extracts
which could alleviate this situation, we investigated the chemical composition with antiradical and
antifungal activities of essential oils from fruits of Monodora myristica, Xylopia aethiopica and
Xylopia parviflora (Annonaceae).
Methods:
The essential oils extracted with Clevenger type apparatus were analyzed by gas chromatography
and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The ability of the oil to reduce
diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) was used to evaluate the antiradical activity and Agar dilution
method was used to assess the antifungal activity against A. fumigatus, A. flavus and A. niger from
Centre Pasteur of Cameroon.
Results:
Major components of the essential oils were:
– α -phellandrene (57.8%) and p-cymene (12.7%) for M. myristica,
– β -pinene (46.9%) and α -pinene (16.9%) for X. parviflora ,
– β -pinene (25.8%) and α -pinene (11.5%) for X. aethiopica’s sample. In regard to antiradical activity,
essential oils exhibited low antiradical power in comparison with BHT. X. aethiopica was the most
active free radical scavenger with the highest antiradical power (AP= (2.28 ± 0.00)10-5) compared
to M. myristica (AP = (1.89 ± 0.01)10-5) and X. parviflora (AP = (1.42 ± 0.00)10-5. X. parviflora
showed the best antifungal activities (4mg/ml8804; MIC 8804;5.2mg/ml) followed by X. Aethiopica
(5mg/ml8804; MIC 8804;7.5mg/ml) and M. myristica (9mg/ml8804;MIC8804;10.2mg/ml).
A. fumigatus was the most sensitive isolate and A. flavus was the most resistant. With MFC/MIC
ratio < 4, all the essential oils exhibited fungicidal activity during twelve days of observation. Conclusion: The results show that essential oils of these fruits may either be used as a dietary supplement for patients suffering of oxidative stress related diseases through their radical scavenging properties but also as fungicides in the prevention of fungal contaminants of the genus Aspergillus. Keys words: Essential oils, antiradical, antifungal, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger

Abstract Number: 6

Conference Year: 2014

Link to conference website: http://www.AAA2014.org

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