Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: a North American Perspective

Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: a North American Perspective

Author:

Florence Runyo, Coleman M. F. Rotstein

Date: 17 September 2022

Abstract:

Purpose of the Review: Invasive fungal infections (IFI) produce significant morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant
recipients, although their overall incidence is poorly defined. This review aims to provide insight into recent developments
in the epidemiology of IFI in these patients.
Recent Findings: Invasive candidiasis is the most common IFI encountered particularly those with intraabdominal transplants.
In contrast, invasive aspergillosis is commonly seen in lung transplants. Voriconazole therapy has certainly increased the
survival in invasive aspergillosis. The risk of disseminated cryptococcosis occurs more commonly in liver transplant than
other organ transplants. Histoplasmosis usually arises from reactivation in the recipient but may also be donor derived. A
higher rate of dissemination occurs in solid organ transplants with coccidioidomycosis. Of interest, climate change may
enhance the risk of emerging fungal infection in transplant recipients.
Summary: A better understanding of the incidence and risk factors for IFI is necessary. Future strategies based on such
knowledge will assist in reducing IFI.
Keywords: Epidemiology · Invasive fungal infections · Organ transplants

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