Diagnosis - Aspergillus/Aspergillosis

Diagnosis of Aspergillus Infection

Aspergillosis for patients meeting Rome 2010.
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Articles		Author
	Treatment of Aspergillosis: Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America	Thomas J. Walsh, et.al, 2008
	Antifungal susceptibility testing in Aspergillus spp. according to EUCAST methodology.	Lass-Florl C et al., 2007
	Aspergillosis & Other Filamentous Fungi: Shortcomings of the Old… & Solutions in the New Edition!	Patterson, 2005
	Endemic mycoses in immune compromised patients.	Bradley, 2005
	Antigen detection in the diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis	Verweij, 2005
	Criteria for enrollment: Randomized comparison of Voriconazole and Amphotericin B in primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis	Denning et al, 2001
	Risk factors for the development of invasive fungal infections - a flow diagram illustrating susceptibility to invasive Candida and Aspergillus infections (PDF)	Anon, 2001
	Entry criteria for invasive aspergillosis in salvage caspofungin study	Maertens et al, 2000

Definitions

Articles	Author
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis - state of the art: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Consensus Conference	Stevens et.el, 2010
Revised Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group	De Pauw et al., 2008
Public Consultation Document: EORTC/BAMSG Consensus Revised definitions draft VI Proven invasive fungal diseases Deep tissue disease Moulds	EORTC/MSG, 2005
EORTC revised definitions II. Why revise? Process and Definitions.	Donnelly, 2005
Published rather than Proposed Definitions for Invasive Fungal Infection Must Be Applied to Allow Standardization in Clinical Trials	McLintock et al, 2004
Analysis of Definitions Used In Clinical Research on Invasive Fungal Infections (IFI): Consensus Proposal for New, Standardized Definitions.	Ascoiglu et al, 2003
Defining Opportunistic Invasive Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Patients with Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: An International Consensus	Ascioglu et al, 2002

Selected papers on diagnostic tests:

Blood (4 categories).

Blood 9 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
qPCR	5cfu/mL	100	100	Quantification of Fungal DNA by Using Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer and the Light Cycler System, Loeffler et al, 2000
PCR	NR	100	84	Early Detection of Aspergillus Infection after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation by Polymerase Chain Reaction Screening, Herbart et al, 2000b
PCR	NR	100	73	Prospective screening by a panfungal polymerase chain reaction assay in patients at risk for fungal infections: implications for the management of febrile neutropenia, Hebart et al, 2000
rtPCR	20 copies/mL	79	92	Use of Real-Time PCR on Blood Samples for Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis, Kami et al, 2001
rtPCR	20pg/mL	67	84	Use of Real-Time PCR on Blood Samples for Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis, Kami et al, 2001
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.5	58	97	Use of Real-Time PCR on Blood Samples for Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis, Kami et al, 2001
PCR-ELISA	10cfu/mL	25	NR	Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of Aspergillus DNA in Experimental Models of Invasive Aspergillosis, Loeffler et al, 2002b
PCR	>1.0cfu/mL	NR	100	Automated Extraction of Genomic DNA from Medically Important Yeast Species and Filamentous Fungi by Using the MagNA Pure LC System, Loeffler, 2002
PCR	NR	NR	NR	Detection of medically important fungi by Polymerase chain reaction, Loeffler, 2001

Plasma 2 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	97.6	96.2	Detection of circulating galactomannan by Pastorex Aspergillus in experimental invasive aspergillosis., Van Cutsem et al, 1990
ß-Glucan	20 pg/mL	90	100	Plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan measurement in diagnosis of invasive deep mycosis and fungal febrile episodes, Obayashi et al, 1995

Serum 90 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	100	Detection of Antigen in Sera of Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis: Intra- and Interlaboratory Reproducibility, Verweij et al, 1998
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.6	100	93	Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Potential of Real-Time PCR, Double-Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Galactomannan, and a (133)--D-Glucan Test in Weekly Screening for Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Disorders, Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	93	Detection by ELISA of Aspergillus galactomannan in sera from hematological patients (ECMM Meeting Abstract)., Poirot et al, 1996
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	100	90	b-d-Glucan as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Invasive Fungal Infections: Validation, Cutoff Development, and Performance in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Odabasi et al, 2004^j
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	100	90	b-d-Glucan as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Invasive Fungal Infections: Validation, Cutoff Development, and Performance in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Odabasi et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	89	Value of galactomannan detection by ELISA in the diagnosis and follow-up of invasive aspergillosis. , Tabone et al, 1997
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	89	Improved management of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan and surgery., Caillot et al, 1997
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.6	100	55	Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Potential of Real-Time PCR, Double-Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Galactomannan, and a (133)--D-Glucan Test in Weekly Screening for Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Disorders, Kawazu et al, 2004
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	100	NR	Advances in the serological diagnosis of invasive Aspergillus infections in patients with haematological disorders, Maertens et al, 2007
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	100	NR	False-positive results in premature infants with the Platelia Aspergillus sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay., Siemann, 1998
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5 OD	97.4	90.5	Optimization of the cutoff value for the Aspergillus double-sandwich enzyme immunoassay., Maertens et al, 2007b
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5	96.5	98.6	Prospective clinical evaluation of lower cut-offs for galactomannan detection in adult neutropenic cancer patients and haematological stem cell transplant recipients, Maertens et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.7	96.5	93.2	Prospective clinical evaluation of lower cut-offs for galactomannan detection in adult neutropenic cancer patients and haematological stem cell transplant recipients, Maertens et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	95	100	The diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for circulating antigen., Sabetta et al, 1985
Galactomannan + antibody to A. fumigatus	NR	95	90	Value of antigen and antibody detection in the serological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies., Manso et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	94.4	98.8	Use of Circulating Galactomannan Screening for Early Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients, Maertens et al, 2002
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	94.4	85.4	Use of Circulating Galactomannan Screening for Early Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients, Maertens et al, 2002
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	93.1	100	Prospective clinical evaluation of lower cut-offs for galactomannan detection in adult neutropenic cancer patients and haematological stem cell transplant recipients, Maertens et al, 2004
ß-Glucan	>=80pg/mL	92.9	100	Evaluation of a (1->3)-beta-D-Glucan Assay for Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Infection, Pickering et al, 2005
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	92.6	95.4	Autopsy-Controlled Prospective Evaluation of Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan by a Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Hematological Patients at Risk for Invasive Aspergillosis, Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (ELISA)	1ng/mL	92.6	95.4	Autopsy-Controlled Prospective Evaluation of Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan by a Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Hematological Patients at Risk for Invasive Aspergillosis, Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	92.6	94.5	Comparison of antigen detection and PCR assay using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients receiving treatment for hematological malignancies., Verweij et al, 1995c
PCR	NR	92.3	94.6	The Evolution and Evaluation of a Whole Blood Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Invasive Aspergillosis in Hematology Patients in a Routine Clinical Setting, White et al, 2006
ß-Glucan	20pg/mL	90	100	Advances in the serological diagnosis of invasive Aspergillus infections in patients with haematological disorders, Maertens et al, 2007
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	90	84	Clinical evaluation and reproducibility of the Pastorex Aspergillus antigen latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis., Verweij et al, 1995b
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	90	84	Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Compared with Pastorex Latex Agglutination Test for Diagnosing Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised Patients, Verweij et al, 1995
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	89.7	98.1	Screening for circulating galactomannan as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for invasive aspergillosis in prolonged neutropenic patients and stem cell transplantation recipients: a prospective validation, Maertens et al, 2001
ß-Glucan+Galactomannan	>=1.5	87.5	100	Contribution of (133)-ß-D-Glucan Chromogenic Assay to Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Adult Patients: a Comparison with Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan, Pazos et al, 2005
Galactomannan + ß-Glucan	NR	87.5	100	Contribution of (1->3)-?-D-glucan Chromogenic Assay to Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Adult Patients: a Comparison with Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan., Pazos et al, 2005.
Galactomannan + ß-Glucan	>=1.5	87.5	89.6	Contribution of (133)-D-ß-Glucan Chromogenic Assay to Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Adult Patients: a Comparison with Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan, Pazos et al, 2005
ß-Glucan	>=120pg/mL	87.5	89.6	Contribution of (133)--D-Glucan Chromogenic Assay to Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Adult Patients: a Comparison with Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan, Pazos et al, 2005
ß-Glucan	>=120pg/mL	87.5	89.6	Contribution of (1->3)-?-D-glucan Chromogenic Assay to Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Invasive Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Adult Patients: a Comparison with Serial Screening for Circulating Galactomannan., Pazos et al, 2005.
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.5	87.5	NR	Detection of Galactomannan Antigenemia by Enzyme Immunoassay for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis: Variables That Affect Performance, Marr et al, 2004
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	87	NR	galactomannane dans les aspergilloses invasives humaines et animales avec un test au latex., Dupont et al, 1990
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	82.5	81	Aspergillus antigenuria compared to antigenemia in bone marrow transplant recipients., Ansorg et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5 OD	81	89	Rapid diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis by antigen detection, Wheat, 2003
Galactomannan + PCR	NR^d	79	61	Evaluation of pan-fungal PCR assay and Aspergillus antigen detection in the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in high risk paediatric cancer patients, El-Mahallawy et al, 2006
PCR	NR	75	92	Evaluation of pan-fungal PCR assay and Aspergillus antigen detection in the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in high risk paediatric cancer patients, El-Mahallawy et al, 2006
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	70	86	Clinical evaluation and reproducibility of the Pastorex Aspergillus antigen latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis., Verweij et al, 1995b
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	70	86	Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Compared with Pastorex Latex Agglutination Test for Diagnosing Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised Patients, Verweij et al, 1995
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	69.9	87.1	Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the (1->3) b-d-Glucan Assay as an Aid to Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Humans, Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005^j
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	69.9	87.1	Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the (1->3) ?-D-glucan Assay as an Aid to Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Humans., Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	67	98.2	Comparison of an enzyme immunoassay and a latex agglutination system for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in bone marrow transplant recipients., Machetti et al, 1998
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	65	96	b-d-Glucan as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Invasive Fungal Infections: Validation, Cutoff Development, and Performance in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Odabasi et al, 2004^j
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	65	96	b-d-Glucan as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Invasive Fungal Infections: Validation, Cutoff Development, and Performance in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Odabasi et al, 2004
ß-Glucan	>=80pg/mL	64.4	92.4	Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the (1->3) b-d-Glucan Assay as an Aid to Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Humans, Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005^j
ß-Glucan	80pg/mL	64.4	92.4	Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the (1->3) ?-D-glucan Assay as an Aid to Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Humans., Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005
	NR	64	93	Detection of Circulating Aspergillus fumigatus Galactomannan: Value and Limits of the Platelia Test for Diagnosing Invasive Aspergillosis, Pinel et al, 2003
PCR-ELISA	NR	63.6	89.7	Prospective Evaluation of a Polymerase Chain Reaction–ELISA Targeted to Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus for the Early Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies, Florent et al, 2006
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	60	99	b-d-Glucan as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Invasive Fungal Infections: Validation, Cutoff Development, and Performance in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Odabasi et al, 2004^j
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	60	99	b-d-Glucan as a Diagnostic Adjunct for Invasive Fungal Infections: Validation, Cutoff Development, and Performance in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Odabasi et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	60	82	Autopsy-controlled prospective evaluation of serial screening for circulating galactomannan by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for hematological patients at risk for invasive aspergillosis., Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	55.6	93.9	Aspergillus antigenemia sandwich-enzyme immunoassay test as a serodiagnostic method for invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients., Fortun et al, 2001^e
ß-Glucan	11ng/mL	55	98	Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Potential of Real-Time PCR, Double-Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Galactomannan, and a (133)--D-Glucan Test in Weekly Screening for Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Disorders, Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan - Ultrasound enhanced	NR	53	NR	Highly sensitive detection of fungal antigens by ultrasound-enhanced latex agglutination., Grundy et al, 1995
	>=1.0	50	99.6	Detection of Circulating Aspergillus fumigatus Galactomannan: Value and Limits of the Platelia Test for Diagnosing Invasive Aspergillosis, Pinel et al, 2003
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	50	94	Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay compared with Pastorex latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients., Verweij et al, 1995
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	47	93	Galactomannan detection in computerized tomography-based broncho-alveolar lavage fluid and serum in haematological patients at risk for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, Becker et al, 2003^c
ß-Glucan	11ng/mL	45	99	Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Potential of Real-Time PCR, Double-Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Galactomannan, and a (133)--D-Glucan Test in Weekly Screening for Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Disorders, Kawazu et al, 2004
rtPCR	40 copies/mL	45	98	Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Potential of Real-Time PCR, Double-Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Galactomannan, and a (133)--D-Glucan Test in Weekly Screening for Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Disorders, Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	43	53	Postmortem analysis of invasive aspergillosis in a tertiary care hospital., Vogeser et al, 1997
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	40	94	Autopsy-controlled prospective evaluation of serial screening for circulating galactomannan by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for hematological patients at risk for invasive aspergillosis., Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	38.8	95	Use of the Pastorex Aspergillus antigen latex agglutination test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Hopwood et al, 1995
rtPCR	40 copies/mL	36	100	Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Potential of Real-Time PCR, Double-Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Galactomannan, and a (133)--D-Glucan Test in Weekly Screening for Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Disorders, Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.66	30	95	Prospective Assessment of Platelia^TM Aspergillus Galactomannan Antigen for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Lung Transplant Recipients, Husain et al, 2004^f
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5	30	93	Prospective Assessment of Platelia^TM Aspergillus Galactomannan Antigen for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Lung Transplant Recipients, Husain et al, 2004^f
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	27.5	100	Aspergillus antigenuria compared to antigenemia in bone marrow transplant recipients., Ansorg et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	20	NR	Prospective Assessment of Platelia^TM Aspergillus Galactomannan Antigen for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Lung Transplant Recipients, Husain et al, 2004^f
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	NR	98.7	Aspergillus antigenuria compared to antigenemia in bone marrow transplant recipients., Ansorg et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	A poster concerning the cross reactivity of galactomannan antibody EB-2A with lipoteichoic acid of Bifidobacterium from the 2003 TIFI/ECMM conference , Mennink-Kersten, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	Various	NR	NR	Antigen detection in the diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis, Verweij, 2004 - Review article
Radioimmune assay + ELISA (Galactomannan)	108ng/mL	NR	NR	Galactomannan antigenemia and antigenuria in aspergillosis: studies in patients and experimentally infected rabbits., Dupont et al, 1987
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Detection of circulating galactomannan for the diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis , Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.5OD	NR	NR	False Positive Test for Aspergillus Antigenemia Related to Concomitant Administration of Piperacillin and Tazobactam, Sulahian et al, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Lack of evidence that false-positive Aspergillus galactomannan antigen test results are due to treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam. AND REPLIES., Adam et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	False-Positive Aspergillus Galactomannan Antigen Test Results, Maertens et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Efficacy of Galactomannan Antigen in the Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme Immunoassay for Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Liver Transplant Recipients, Kwak et al, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	NR	NR	Evaluation of Serum Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Circulating Galactomannan during Caspofungin Therapy: Results from the Caspofungin Invasive Aspergillosis Study, Maertens et al, 2005
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - 50kDa AG	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - Galactomannan	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - metabolic AG	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgG DVV	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgM DVV	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgA DVV	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Complement Fixation - metabolic, Virion	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Complement Fixation - somatic, Virion	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NA	NR	NR	Evaluation of eight antibody tests and one antigen test for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis., Kappe et al, 1996
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Issues with galactomannan testing, Verweij et al., 2006
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Galactoxylomannan Does Not Exhibit Cross-Reactivity in the Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme Immunoassay, De Jesus et al., 2007
Galactomannan (ELISA) vs Halo Sign on CT Scan	>=0.5	NR	NR	Galactomannan Does Not Precede Major Signs on a Pulmonary Computerized Tomographic Scan Suggestive of Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies, Weisser et al, 2005

Serum + Plasma 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
ß-Glucan	NR	93.3	77.2	Evaluation of a (1->3)-beta-D-glucan assay for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections., Pickering et al, 2005

Other fluids (7 categories).

Bronchoalveolar lavage 21 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
quantitative-PCR (pan-Aspergillus)	<=35	100	88	Luong et. et., 2011
PCR	1-5 CFU/mL	93.9	94.4	Buchheidt et al, 2002
Galactomannan	0.5	93	88	Luong et. et., 2011
PCR	NR	90	100	Sangunetti et al (2003)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.5	88	87	Meersseman et al. (2008)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	85	100	Becker et al, 2003^c
quantitative-PCR (Aspergillus-specific)	<=40	85	96	Luong et. et., 2011
qPCR+Galactomannan	NR>=1.0	82	96	Musher et al, 2004^g
PCR	NR	80	93	Raad et al, 2002
Galactomannan + quantitative PCR	>=0.5	76	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
qPCR	NR	67	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
Cytology	NA	64	99.1	Levy et al, 1992
Galactomannan + quantitative PCR	>=1.0	61	67	Musher et al, 2004^g
Histology+Culture	NA	58	92	Kahn et al, 1986
Culture	NA	56.2	92.3	Maertens et al, 2002
Histology	NA	53	95	Kahn et al, 1986
Culture	NA	40	90.3	Levy et al, 1992
Cytology+Culture	NA	32	99.7	Levy et al, 1992
Culture	NA	23	95	Kahn et al, 1986
PCR	>1.0cfu/mL	NR	100	Loeffler, 2002
PCR	1pg	NR	NR	Spreadbury et.al. (1993)

Cerebrospinal fluid 10 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	80	100	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - 50kDa AG	NR	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - Galactomannan	NR	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - metabolic AG	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgG DVV	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgM DVV	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgA DVV	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Complement Fixation - metabolic, Virion	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Complement Fixation - somatic, Virion	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Cyst fluid 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)

Pus 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)

Serum 106 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	100	Verweij et al, 1998
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.6	100	93	Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	93	Poirot et al, 1996
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	100	90	Odabasi et al, 2004^j
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	100	90	Odabasi et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	89	Tabone et al, 1997
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	100	89	Caillot et al, 1997
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.6	100	55	Kawazu et al, 2004
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	100	NR	Maertens et al, 2007
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	100	NR	Siemann, 1998
ß-Glucan		100	0	Fungitell assay
ß-Glucan		100	0	Fungitell assay
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5 OD	97.4	90.5	Maertens et al, 2007b
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5	96.5	98.6	Maertens et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.7	96.5	93.2	Maertens et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	95	100	Sabetta et al, 1985
Galactomannan + antibody to A. fumigatus	NR	95	90	Manso et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	94.4	98.8	Maertens et al, 2002
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	94.4	85.4	Maertens et al, 2002
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	93.1	100	Maertens et al, 2004
ß-Glucan	>=80pg/mL	92.9	100	Pickering et al, 2005
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	92.6	95.4	Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (ELISA)	1ng/mL	92.6	95.4	Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	92.6	94.5	Verweij et al, 1995c
PCR	NR	92.3	94.6	White et al, 2006
ß-Glucan	20pg/mL	90	100	Maertens et al, 2007
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	90	84	Verweij et al, 1995b
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	90	84	Verweij et al, 1995
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	89.7	98.1	Maertens et al, 2001
ß-Glucan+Galactomannan	>=1.5	87.5	100	Pazos et al, 2005
Galactomannan + ß-Glucan	NR	87.5	100	Pazos et al, 2005.
Galactomannan + ß-Glucan	>=1.5	87.5	89.6	Pazos et al, 2005
ß-Glucan	>=120pg/mL	87.5	89.6	Pazos et al, 2005
ß-Glucan	>=120pg/mL	87.5	89.6	Pazos et al, 2005.
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.5	87.5	NR	Marr et al, 2004
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	87	NR	Dupont et al, 1990
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	82.5	81	Ansorg et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5 OD	81	89	Wheat, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	1ng/mL	80.7	89.2	Platelia Aspergillus
Galactomannan (ELISA)	1ng/mL	80.7	89.2	Platelia Aspergillus
Galactomannan + PCR	NR^d	79	61	El-Mahallawy et al, 2006
PCR	NR	75	92	El-Mahallawy et al, 2006
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	70	86	Verweij et al, 1995b
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	70	86	Verweij et al, 1995
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	69.9	87.1	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005^j
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	69.9	87.1	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	67	98.2	Machetti et al, 1998
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	65	96	Odabasi et al, 2004^j
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	65	96	Odabasi et al, 2004
ß-Glucan	>=80pg/mL	64.4	92.4	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005^j
ß-Glucan	80pg/mL	64.4	92.4	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005
	NR	64	93	Pinel et al, 2003
PCR-ELISA	NR	63.6	89.7	Florent et al, 2006
ß-Glucan	60pg/mL	60	99	Odabasi et al, 2004^j
ß-Glucan	>=60pg/mL	60	99	Odabasi et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	60	82	Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	55.6	93.9	Fortun et al, 2001^e
ß-Glucan	11ng/mL	55	98	Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan - Ultrasound enhanced	NR	53	NR	Grundy et al, 1995
	>=1.0	50	99.6	Pinel et al, 2003
Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA)	NR	50	94	Verweij et al, 1995
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	47	93	Becker et al, 2003^c
ß-Glucan	11ng/mL	45	99	Kawazu et al, 2004
rtPCR	40 copies/mL	45	98	Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	43	53	Vogeser et al, 1997
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	40	94	Maertens et al, 1999
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	38.8	95	Hopwood et al, 1995
rtPCR	40 copies/mL	36	100	Kawazu et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.66	30	95	Husain et al, 2004^f
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5	30	93	Husain et al, 2004^f
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	27.5	100	Ansorg et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	20	NR	Husain et al, 2004^f
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	NR	98.7	Ansorg et al, 1994
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	Various	NR	NR	Verweij, 2004 - Review article
Radioimmune assay + ELISA (Galactomannan)	108ng/mL	NR	NR	Dupont et al, 1987
ß-Glucan		0	0	FungiTec G
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.5OD	NR	NR	Sulahian et al, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Adam et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Maertens et al, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Kwak et al, 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	NR	NR	Maertens et al, 2005
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - 50kDa AG	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - Galactomannan	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - metabolic AG	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgG DVV	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgM DVV	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Enzyme Immunoassay - IgA DVV	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
ß-Glucan	0-300pg/ml	0	0	Gluspecy
Complement Fixation - metabolic, Virion	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Complement Fixation - somatic, Virion	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
ß-Glucan	1-10,000pg/ml	0	0	Beta-D-glucan Test Wako
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NA	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
ß-Glucan	0-50pg/ml	0	0	B-G Star
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	15 ng/mL	0	0	Pastorex™ Aspergillus*
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Dalle et al., 2005
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Verweij et al., 2006
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Wu, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Mattei et al., 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Aubry et al., 2006
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Sulahian et al., 2003
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	De Jesus et al., 2007
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Kappe et al., 1993
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Giacchino et al., 2006
Galactomannan (ELISA) vs Halo Sign on CT Scan	>=0.5	NR	NR	Weisser et al, 2005

Subphrenic abscess aspirate 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)

Urine 3 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	44	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Radioimmune assay + ELISA (Galactomannan)	1-83 ng/mL	NR	NR	Dupont et al, 1987
Galactomannan (ELISA)		0	0	Hashiguchi et al., 1994

Solid Tissue (1 categories).

Solid tissue 3 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NR	NR	NR	Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, 2004

Respiratory (4 categories).

Bronchoalveolar lavage 21 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
quantitative-PCR (pan-Aspergillus)	<=35	100	88	Luong et. et., 2011
PCR	1-5 CFU/mL	93.9	94.4	Buchheidt et al, 2002
Galactomannan	0.5	93	88	Luong et. et., 2011
PCR	NR	90	100	Sangunetti et al (2003)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.5	88	87	Meersseman et al. (2008)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	85	100	Becker et al, 2003^c
quantitative-PCR (Aspergillus-specific)	<=40	85	96	Luong et. et., 2011
qPCR+Galactomannan	NR>=1.0	82	96	Musher et al, 2004^g
PCR	NR	80	93	Raad et al, 2002
Galactomannan + quantitative PCR	>=0.5	76	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
qPCR	NR	67	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
Cytology	NA	64	99.1	Levy et al, 1992
Galactomannan + quantitative PCR	>=1.0	61	67	Musher et al, 2004^g
Histology+Culture	NA	58	92	Kahn et al, 1986
Culture	NA	56.2	92.3	Maertens et al, 2002
Histology	NA	53	95	Kahn et al, 1986
Culture	NA	40	90.3	Levy et al, 1992
Cytology+Culture	NA	32	99.7	Levy et al, 1992
Culture	NA	23	95	Kahn et al, 1986
PCR	>1.0cfu/mL	NR	100	Loeffler, 2002
PCR	1pg	NR	NR	Spreadbury et.al. (1993)

Halo Sign on CT Scan 2 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Halo Sign on CT Scan	NA	33.3	93.3	Maertens et al, 2002
Halo Sign on CT Scan vs Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=0.5	NR	NR	Weisser et al, 2005

Lower respiratory tract 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Culture	NA	61.1	96.3	Maertens et al, 2002

Positron Emission Tomography 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Positron Emission Tomography	n/a	NA	NA	Aspergillus Website, 2008

Animal model (4 categories).

Blood 10 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
qPCR	5cfu/mL	100	100	Loeffler et al, 2000
PCR	NR	100	84	Herbart et al, 2000b
PCR	NR	100	73	Hebart et al, 2000
rtPCR	20 copies/mL	79	92	Kami et al, 2001
rtPCR	20pg/mL	67	84	Kami et al, 2001
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.5	58	97	Kami et al, 2001
PCR-ELISA	10cfu/mL	25	NR	Loeffler et al, 2002b
PCR	>1.0cfu/mL	NR	100	Loeffler, 2002
PCR	NR	NR	NR	Loeffler, 2001
rtPCR	3 copies	0	0	LightCycler®SeptiFast Test

Bronchoalveolar lavage 21 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
quantitative-PCR (pan-Aspergillus)	<=35	100	88	Luong et. et., 2011
PCR	1-5 CFU/mL	93.9	94.4	Buchheidt et al, 2002
Galactomannan	0.5	93	88	Luong et. et., 2011
PCR	NR	90	100	Sangunetti et al (2003)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	0.5	88	87	Meersseman et al. (2008)
Galactomannan (ELISA)	>=1.0	85	100	Becker et al, 2003^c
quantitative-PCR (Aspergillus-specific)	<=40	85	96	Luong et. et., 2011
qPCR+Galactomannan	NR>=1.0	82	96	Musher et al, 2004^g
PCR	NR	80	93	Raad et al, 2002
Galactomannan + quantitative PCR	>=0.5	76	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
qPCR	NR	67	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
Cytology	NA	64	99.1	Levy et al, 1992
Galactomannan + quantitative PCR	>=1.0	61	67	Musher et al, 2004^g
Histology+Culture	NA	58	92	Kahn et al, 1986
Culture	NA	56.2	92.3	Maertens et al, 2002
Histology	NA	53	95	Kahn et al, 1986
Culture	NA	40	90.3	Levy et al, 1992
Cytology+Culture	NA	32	99.7	Levy et al, 1992
Culture	NA	23	95	Kahn et al, 1986
PCR	>1.0cfu/mL	NR	100	Loeffler, 2002
PCR	1pg	NR	NR	Spreadbury et.al. (1993)

Lung 5 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
PCR-ELISA	10cfu/mL	78	NR	Loeffler et al, 2002b
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004
Immunohistology Mab 164G & 611F (Species specific)	NA	NR	NR	Fenelon et al, 1999
Immunohistology Mab EB-A1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Verweij et al, 2007
Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172	NA	NR	NR	Kaufman et al, 1997

Plasma 2 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	NR	97.6	96.2	Van Cutsem et al, 1990
ß-Glucan	20 pg/mL	90	100	Obayashi et al, 1995

Sources of error (3 categories).

False Positives 12 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Link
Foods	Galactomannan (ELISA)	V. Letscher-Bru et al, 1998
Cardboard contamination	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Girmenia et al, 2007
Crossreactivity with lipoteichoic acid	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Crossreactivity with lipoteichoic acid	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Mennink-Kersten, 2005
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Dalle et al., 2005
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Wu, 2004
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Mattei et al., 2004
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Aubry et al., 2006
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Sulahian et al., 2003
Urine	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Hashiguchi et al., 1994
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Kappe et al., 1993
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Giacchino et al., 2006

False Positives - refute 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Link
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	De Jesus et al., 2007

False Positives, False Negatives 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Link
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Verweij et al., 2006

Paediatrics (8 categories).

Brain 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Crossreactivity with lipoteichoic acid 2 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2005

Ear 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Heart 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Lung 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Nasopharynx 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Serum 2 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	100	NR	Siemann, 1998
Galactomannan (ELISA)	NA	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2004

Spleen 1 entry(ies).

Test	Assay cutoff	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	NA	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Reviews (5 categories).

General 1 entry(ies).

Title	Link
Laboratory diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis	Hope et al, 2005

Media 1 entry(ies).

Title	Link
Antifungal susceptibility testing in Aspergillus spp. according to EUCAST methodology.	Lass-Florl C et al., 2007

Serum 7 entry(ies).

Title	Link
Detection of Antigen in Sera of Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis: Intra- and Interlaboratory Reproducibility	Verweij et al, 1998
Advances in the serological diagnosis of invasive Aspergillus infections in patients with haematological disorders	Maertens et al, 2007
Detection of circulating galactomannan for the diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis	Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Lack of evidence that false-positive Aspergillus galactomannan antigen test results are due to treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam. AND REPLIES.	Adam et al, 2004
False-Positive Aspergillus Galactomannan Antigen Test Results	Maertens et al, 2004
Evaluation of Serum Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Circulating Galactomannan during Caspofungin Therapy: Results from the Caspofungin Invasive Aspergillosis Study	Maertens et al, 2005
Issues with galactomannan testing	Verweij et al., 2006

Serum & Plasma 1 entry(ies).

Title	Link
Use of PCR for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis	Mengoli et al, 2009

Serum + Urine + BAL 1 entry(ies).

Title	Link
Advances in the serological diagnosis of invasive Aspergillus infections in patients with haematological disorders	Maertens et al, 2007

Fixed samples (13 categories).

Brain 3 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	Choi et al, 2004
Immunohistology Mab 164G & 611F (Species specific)	Fenelon et al, 1999
Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172	Kaufman et al, 1997

Ear 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	Choi et al, 2004

Heart 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	Choi et al, 2004

Kidney 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172	Kaufman et al, 1997

Liver 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab 164G & 611F (Species specific)	Fenelon et al, 1999

Lung 5 entry(ies).

Test	Link
PCR-ELISA	Loeffler et al, 2002b
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	Choi et al, 2004
Immunohistology Mab 164G & 611F (Species specific)	Fenelon et al, 1999
Immunohistology Mab EB-A1 (Galactomannan)	Verweij et al, 2007
Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172	Kaufman et al, 1997

Maxillary sinus 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172	Kaufman et al, 1997

Nasopharynx 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	Choi et al, 2004

Necrotic bone 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab EB-A1 (Galactomannan)	Verweij et al, 2007

Paranasal sinus 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab 164G & 611F (Species specific)	Fenelon et al, 1999

Phagocytes 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab EB-A1 (Galactomannan)	Piérard et al, 1991

Skin 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172	Kaufman et al, 1997

Spleen 1 entry(ies).

Test	Link
Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan)	Choi et al, 2004

Tests

Arranged alphabetically

A. fumigatus Complement 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	A. fumigatus Complement Fixation Reagents

Antibody IgA, IgE, IgG Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Labor Diagnostics

Antibody IgG, IgM Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Roche Serologie GmbH, Munich

Antibody IgM(IgG) Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Kappe, 1996

Antibody Mab 164G & 611F Asp. species specific 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Fenelon et al., 1999

Antibody Mab IgM Aspergillus 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Aspergillus antibodies (x5)

Antibody Mab-WF-AF-1 Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Choi et al., 2004

Antifungal Susceptibility 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Media	0	0	Lass-Florl C et al., 2007

Aspergillus antibodies 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Aspergillus antibodies (x32)
	0	0	Aspergillus antibodies (x9)

Aspergillus Immunodiffusion 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Group Species
	0	0	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Individual Species

Complement Fixation - metabolic, Virion 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Complement Fixation - somatic, Virion 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Culture 4 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Lower respiratory tract	61.1	96.3	Maertens et al, 2002
Bronchoalveolar lavage	56.2	92.3	Maertens et al, 2002
Bronchoalveolar lavage	40	90.3	Levy et al, 1992
Bronchoalveolar lavage	23	95	Kahn et al, 1986

Cytology 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	64	99.1	Levy et al, 1992

Cytology+Culture 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	32	99.7	Levy et al, 1992

Enzyme Immunoassay - IgA DVV 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Enzyme Immunoassay - IgG DVV 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Enzyme Immunoassay - IgM DVV 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	93	88	Luong et. et., 2011

Galactomannan (ELISA) 61 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	100	100	Verweij et al, 1998
Serum	100	93	Kawazu et al, 2004
Serum	100	93	Poirot et al, 1996
Serum	100	89	Tabone et al, 1997
Serum	100	89	Caillot et al, 1997
Serum	100	55	Kawazu et al, 2004
Serum	100	NR	Siemann, 1998
Serum	97.4	90.5	Maertens et al, 2007b
Serum	96.5	98.6	Maertens et al, 2004
Serum	96.5	93.2	Maertens et al, 2004
Serum	95	100	Sabetta et al, 1985
Serum	94.4	98.8	Maertens et al, 2002
Serum	94.4	85.4	Maertens et al, 2002
Serum	93.1	100	Maertens et al, 2004
Serum	92.6	95.4	Maertens et al, 1999
Serum	92.6	95.4	Maertens et al, 1999
Serum	92.6	94.5	Verweij et al, 1995c
Serum	89.7	98.1	Maertens et al, 2001
Bronchoalveolar lavage	88	87	Meersseman et al. (2008)
Serum	87.5	NR	Marr et al, 2004
Bronchoalveolar lavage	85	100	Becker et al, 2003^c
Serum	81	89	Wheat, 2003
Serum	80.7	89.2	Platelia Aspergillus
Serum	80.7	89.2	Platelia Aspergillus
Cerebrospinal fluid	80	100	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Serum	60	82	Maertens et al, 1999
Blood	58	97	Kami et al, 2001
Serum	55.6	93.9	Fortun et al, 2001^e
Serum	47	93	Becker et al, 2003^c
Urine	44	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Serum	40	94	Maertens et al, 1999
Serum	30	95	Husain et al, 2004^f
Serum	30	93	Husain et al, 2004^f
Serum	20	NR	Husain et al, 2004^f
Solid tissue	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Cyst fluid	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Subphrenic abscess aspirate	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Pus	NR	NR	Klont, 2004 (Review article)
Serum	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2003
Solid tissue	NR	NR	Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, 2004
Serum	NR	NR	Verweij, 2004 - Review article
Foods	NR	NR	V. Letscher-Bru et al, 1998
Cardboard contamination	NR	NR	Girmenia et al, 2007
Serum	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Crossreactivity with lipoteichoic acid	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2004
Crossreactivity with lipoteichoic acid	NR	NR	Mennink-Kersten, 2005
Serum	NR	NR	Sulahian et al, 2003
Serum	NR	NR	Adam et al, 2004
Serum	NR	NR	Maertens et al, 2004
Serum	NR	NR	Kwak et al, 2003
Serum	NR	NR	Maertens et al, 2005
Serum	0	0	Dalle et al., 2005
Serum	0	0	Verweij et al., 2006
Serum	0	0	Wu, 2004
Serum	0	0	Mattei et al., 2004
Serum	0	0	Aubry et al., 2006
Serum	0	0	Sulahian et al., 2003
Urine	0	0	Hashiguchi et al., 1994
Serum	0	0	De Jesus et al., 2007
Serum	0	0	Kappe et al., 1993
Serum	0	0	Giacchino et al., 2006

Galactomannan (ELISA) vs Halo Sign on CT Scan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	NR	NR	Weisser et al, 2005

Galactomannan (Latex aggluination vs ELISA) 4 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	90	84	Verweij et al, 1995
Serum	70	86	Verweij et al, 1995
Serum	67	98.2	Machetti et al, 1998
Serum	50	94	Verweij et al, 1995

Galactomannan (Latex agglutination) 12 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Plasma	97.6	96.2	Van Cutsem et al, 1990
Serum	90	84	Verweij et al, 1995b
Serum	87	NR	Dupont et al, 1990
Serum	82.5	81	Ansorg et al, 1994
Serum	70	86	Verweij et al, 1995b
Serum	43	53	Vogeser et al, 1997
Serum	38.8	95	Hopwood et al, 1995
Serum	27.5	100	Ansorg et al, 1994
Serum	NR	98.7	Ansorg et al, 1994
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	0	0	Pastorex™ Aspergillus*

Galactomannan + antibody to A. fumigatus 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	95	90	Manso et al, 1994

Galactomannan + PCR 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	79	61	El-Mahallawy et al, 2006

Galactomannan + quantitative PCR 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	76	100	Musher et al, 2004^g
Bronchoalveolar lavage	61	67	Musher et al, 2004^g

Galactomannan + ß-Glucan 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	87.5	100	Pazos et al, 2005.
Serum	87.5	89.6	Pazos et al, 2005

Galactomannan - Ultrasound enhanced 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	53	NR	Grundy et al, 1995

Halo Sign on CT Scan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Halo Sign on CT Scan	33.3	93.3	Maertens et al, 2002

Halo Sign on CT Scan vs Galactomannan (ELISA) 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Halo Sign on CT Scan	NR	NR	Weisser et al, 2005

Histology 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	53	95	Kahn et al, 1986

Histology+Culture 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	58	92	Kahn et al, 1986

ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
	0	0	ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM

Immunohistology Mab 164G & 611F (Species specific) 4 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Paranasal sinus	NR	NR	Fenelon et al, 1999
Brain	NR	NR	Fenelon et al, 1999
Liver	NR	NR	Fenelon et al, 1999
Lung	NR	NR	Fenelon et al, 1999

Immunohistology Mab EB-A1 (Galactomannan) 3 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Phagocytes	NR	NR	Piérard et al, 1991
Lung	NR	NR	Verweij et al, 2007
Necrotic bone	NR	NR	Verweij et al, 2007

Immunohistology Mab-WF-AF-1 (Galactomannan) 6 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Lung	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004
Nasopharynx	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004
Spleen	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004
Brain	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004
Heart	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004
Ear	NR	NR	Choi et al, 2004

Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - 50kDa AG 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - Galactomannan 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

Indirect Haemagglutination Assay - metabolic AG 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Cerebrospinal fluid	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996
Serum	NR	NR	Kappe et al, 1996

PCR 12 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Blood	100	84	Herbart et al, 2000b
Blood	100	73	Hebart et al, 2000
Bronchoalveolar lavage	93.9	94.4	Buchheidt et al, 2002
Serum	92.3	94.6	White et al, 2006
Bronchoalveolar lavage	90	100	Sangunetti et al (2003)
Bronchoalveolar lavage	80	93	Raad et al, 2002
Serum	75	92	El-Mahallawy et al, 2006
Serum & Plasma	0.75	0.87	Mengoli et al, 2009
Blood	NR	100	Loeffler, 2002
Bronchoalveolar lavage	NR	100	Loeffler, 2002
Blood	NR	NR	Loeffler, 2001
Bronchoalveolar lavage	NR	NR	Spreadbury et.al. (1993)

PCR-ELISA 3 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Lung	78	NR	Loeffler et al, 2002b
Serum	63.6	89.7	Florent et al, 2006
Blood	25	NR	Loeffler et al, 2002b

Positron Emission Tomography 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Positron Emission Tomography	NA	NA	Aspergillus Website, 2008

qPCR 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Blood	100	100	Loeffler et al, 2000
Bronchoalveolar lavage	67	100	Musher et al, 2004^g

qPCR+Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	82	96	Musher et al, 2004^g

quantitative-PCR (Aspergillus-specific) 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	85	96	Luong et. et., 2011

quantitative-PCR (pan-Aspergillus) 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Bronchoalveolar lavage	100	88	Luong et. et., 2011

Rabbit immunoglobulin to A. fumigatus B-1172 5 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Lung	NR	NR	Kaufman et al, 1997
Brain	NR	NR	Kaufman et al, 1997
Kidney	NR	NR	Kaufman et al, 1997
Maxillary sinus	NR	NR	Kaufman et al, 1997
Skin	NR	NR	Kaufman et al, 1997

Radioimmune assay 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum + Urine + BAL	75	90	Maertens et al, 2007

Radioimmune assay + ELISA (Galactomannan) 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	NR	NR	Dupont et al, 1987
Urine	NR	NR	Dupont et al, 1987

rtPCR 8 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Blood	79	92	Kami et al, 2001
Blood	67	84	Kami et al, 2001
Serum	45	98	Kawazu et al, 2004
Serum	36	100	Kawazu et al, 2004
Blood	0	0	LightCycler®SeptiFast Test
Whole blood, serum and plasma	0	0	affigene® Aspergillus tracer
blood, blood cells, culture cells, plasma, serum, sputum, stool, plant and animal tissue and food	0	0	Automated nucleic acid purification
Respiratory specimen and serum	0	0	MycAssay Aspergillus

Susceptibility testing (MIC) 16 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Culture Media	NR	NR	Etest Amphotericin B
Culture Media	NA	NA	Etest Anidulafungin
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Caspofungin
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Fluconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Flucytosine
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Itraconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Ketoconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Posaconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Voriconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Fluconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Flucytosine
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Itraconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Posaconazole
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Anidulafungin
Culture Media	0	0	Etest Caspofungin
Culture Media	0	0	Etest

ß-Glucan 25 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	100	90	Odabasi et al, 2004^j
Serum	100	90	Odabasi et al, 2004
Serum	100	NR	Maertens et al, 2007
Serum	100	0	Fungitell assay
Serum	100	0	Fungitell assay
Serum + Plasma	93.3	77.2	Pickering et al, 2005
Serum	92.9	100	Pickering et al, 2005
Serum	90	100	Maertens et al, 2007
Plasma	90	100	Obayashi et al, 1995
Serum	87.5	89.6	Pazos et al, 2005
Serum	87.5	89.6	Pazos et al, 2005.
Serum	69.9	87.1	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005^j
Serum	69.9	87.1	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005
Serum	65	96	Odabasi et al, 2004^j
Serum	65	96	Odabasi et al, 2004
Serum	64.4	92.4	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005^j
Serum	64.4	92.4	Ostrosky-Zeichner et al, 2005
Serum	60	99	Odabasi et al, 2004^j
Serum	60	99	Odabasi et al, 2004
Serum	55	98	Kawazu et al, 2004
Serum	45	99	Kawazu et al, 2004
Serum	0	0	FungiTec G
Serum	0	0	Gluspecy
Serum	0	0	Beta-D-glucan Test Wako
Serum	0	0	B-G Star

ß-Glucan+Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	Link
Serum	87.5	100	Pazos et al, 2005

Testing kits

Approved for EU (8 categories).

A. fumigatus Complement 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
	A. fumigatus Complement	A. fumigatus Complement Fixation Reagents	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Aspergillus Immunodiffusion 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Group Species	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title
	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Individual Species	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Galactomannan (ELISA) 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Platelia Aspergillus	EU	Biorad	Link & Title

Galactomannan (Latex agglutination) 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Serum	Galactomannan (Latex agglutination)	Pastorex™ Aspergillus*	EU	Biorad	Link & Title

ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
	ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM	ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

rtPCR 4 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Blood	rtPCR	LightCycler®SeptiFast Test	EU	Roche	Link & Title
Whole blood, serum and plasma	rtPCR	affigene® Aspergillus tracer	EU	Affigene	Link & Title
blood, blood cells, culture cells, plasma, serum, sputum, stool, plant and animal tissue and food	rtPCR	Automated nucleic acid purification	EU (Investigational use only)	Roche Applied Science	Link & Title
Respiratory specimen and serum	rtPCR	MycAssay Aspergillus	EU	Myconostica	Link & Title

Susceptibility testing (MIC) 10 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Amphotericin B	EU	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Anidulafungin	EU (Investigational use only)	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Caspofungin	EU (In Vitro Diagnostic)	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Fluconazole	EU	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Flucytosine	EU	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Itraconazole	EU	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Ketoconazole	EU	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Posaconazole	EU (In Vitro Diagnostic)	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Voriconazole	EU	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest	EU & USA	AB Biodisk	Link & Title

ß-Glucan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Serum	ß-Glucan	Fungitell assay	EU	Associates of Cape Cod Inc.	Link & Title

Approved for USA (6 categories).

A. fumigatus Complement 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
	A. fumigatus Complement	A. fumigatus Complement Fixation Reagents	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Aspergillus Immunodiffusion 2 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Group Species	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title
	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Individual Species	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Galactomannan (ELISA) 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Serum	Galactomannan (ELISA)	Platelia Aspergillus	USA	Bio-Rad Laboratories	Link & Title

ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
	ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM	ID-FUNGAL ANTIBODY SYSTEM	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Susceptibility testing (MIC) 7 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Fluconazole	USA	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Flucytosine	USA	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Itraconazole	USA	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Posaconazole	USA (Investigational Use Only)	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Anidulafungin	USA (Investigational Use Only)	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest Caspofungin	USA (Investigational Use Only)	AB Biodisk	Link & Title
Culture Media	Susceptibility testing (MIC)	Etest	EU & USA	AB Biodisk	Link & Title

ß-Glucan 1 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Serum	ß-Glucan	Fungitell assay	USA	Associates of Cape Cod Inc.	Link & Title

Approved for Japan (1 categories).

ß-Glucan 4 entry(ies).

Specimen	Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Serum	ß-Glucan	FungiTec G	Japan	Seikagaku Corporation	Link & Title
Serum	ß-Glucan	Gluspecy	Japan	Seikagaku Corporation	Link & Title
Serum	ß-Glucan	Beta-D-glucan Test Wako	Japan	Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Tokyo, Japan)	Link & Title
Serum	ß-Glucan	B-G Star	Japan	Maruha Corporation (Tokyo, Japan)	Link & Title

Other

Reagents and Equipment (11 categories).

A. fumigatus Complement 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
A. fumigatus Complement	A. fumigatus Complement Fixation Reagents	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Antibody IgA, IgE, IgG Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Antibody IgA, IgE, IgG Galactomannan	Labor Diagnostics		Labor Diagnostics	Link & Title

Antibody IgG, IgM Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Antibody IgG, IgM Galactomannan	Roche Serologie GmbH, Munich		Roche-Serologie	Link & Title

Antibody IgM(IgG) Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Antibody IgM(IgG) Galactomannan	Kappe, 1996		Fumouze Diagnostics, France	Link & Title

Antibody Mab 164G & 611F Asp. species specific 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Antibody Mab 164G & 611F Asp. species specific	Fenelon et al., 1999		Fenelon et al	Link & Title

Antibody Mab IgM Aspergillus 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Antibody Mab IgM Aspergillus	Aspergillus antibodies (x5)		Santa Cruz biotechnology, Inc	Link & Title

Antibody Mab-WF-AF-1 Galactomannan 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Antibody Mab-WF-AF-1 Galactomannan	Choi et al., 2004		Dako	Link & Title

Aspergillus antibodies 2 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Aspergillus antibodies	Aspergillus antibodies (x32)		Antibodies-online.com	Link & Title
Aspergillus antibodies	Aspergillus antibodies (x9)		Acris Antibodies	Link & Title

Aspergillus Immunodiffusion 2 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Aspergillus Immunodiffusion	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Group Species	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title
Aspergillus Immunodiffusion	Aspergillus Immunodiffusion Individual Species	EU & USA(in vitro diagnostic use only)	Immuno Mycologics, Inc	Link & Title

Positron Emission Tomography 1 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
Positron Emission Tomography	Aspergillus Website, 2008			Link & Title

rtPCR 3 entry(ies).

Test	Description	Approved for use in:	Manufacturer	Reference
rtPCR	LightCycler®SeptiFast Test	EU	Roche	Link & Title
rtPCR	affigene® Aspergillus tracer	EU	Affigene	Link & Title
rtPCR	Automated nucleic acid purification	EU (Investigational use only)	Roche Applied Science	Link & Title

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