Humans and Aspergillus use similar enzyme pathways. Drugs designed to affect one pathway have the potential to affect multiple pathways.
Steroids are used to control inflammation in ABPA, but giving people cortisone suppresses their own production of cortisol (important for coping with stress and providing a feedback mechanism for the immune system) and can produce side effects including muscle weakness, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications, glaucoma, depression and osteoporosis. |
Steroids affect natural immunity, suppressing cell-mediated immunity and masking the symptoms of infection. The risk of negative effects of steroid use can be minimised by direct administration of the medication to the lungs, and by using the minimum necessary dose.
Many drugs need to be modified by the liver before excretion. Azole antifungals (e.g. Itraconazole, Voriconazole and Posaconazole) work by inhibiting an enzyme found in fungi, but can also inhibit liver function.
With thanks to Fran Stokes |